Textual Meaning
- Baroque and Renaissance music- Word Painting
- Blues/ Jazz singing - Expressive Improvisation
- Polynesian region (Pacific Ocean) -Logogenic
- Religious Music e.g. Gospel
- Opera
- Yodelling
- In some countries, styles used for healing (without words)
- Communal music making
- Sometimes in religious music, the text is not understood by many people (e.g. Hebrew, Latin etc.) but the meaning is still conveyed